Wushu Sanda (散打), also known as Chinese Kickboxing, is a modern Chinese combat sport combining punching, kicking, throwing, wrestling and takedown techniques.
The Combat Forge Wushu Sanda syllabus provides a structured progression from beginner to advanced practitioner, developing striking ability, defensive skills, throwing techniques, grappling and practical fighting application.
The syllabus draws upon traditional Chinese Wushu and modern Sanda training methods, incorporating supplementary wrestling and submission grappling to provide a comprehensive combat system.
Training is divided into three principal disciplines:
STRIKING: Punching, kicking, knees, combinations and defensive techniques.
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THROWING: Clinching, sweeps, trips, wrestling and takedowns.
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GRAPPLING: Ground control, positional escapes, submissions and submission defence.
Breakfalls, movement, balance, conditioning and practical application are incorporated throughout every grade.
THE GRADING SYSTEM
Combat Forge uses an eight-grade coloured belt system to recognise technical development and progression.
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Red Belt – Fundamentals
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Yellow Belt – Basic Striking and Defence
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Orange Belt – Combinations and Takedowns
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Green Belt – Intermediate Sanda
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Blue Belt – Advanced Striking and Wrestling
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Purple Belt – Integrated Combat Skills
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Brown Belt – Advanced Application and Strategy
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Black Belt – Instructor Level
Mandarin Sanda Terminology
| English | Pinyin | Phonetic |
|---|
| Sanda | Sǎndǎ | San-dah |
| Punch | Quán | Chwen |
| Kicking | Tuǐfǎ | Tway-fah |
| Throwing | Shuāifǎ | Shwhy-fah |
| Grappling | Náfǎ | Nah-fah |
| Fighting stance | Gédòu shì | Guh-doh shir |
| Guard | Fángshǒu | Fahng-show |
| Front kick | Dēngtuǐ | Dung-tway |
| Roundhouse | Biāntuǐ | Byen-tway |
| Side kick | Cèchuàituǐ | Tsuh-chwhy-tway |
| Sweep | Sǎotuǐ | Sow-tway |
| Knee strike | Xījī | Shee-jee |
| Elbow strike | Zhǒujī | Joh-jee |
| Jab | Cìquán | Tsuh-chwen |
| Cross | Hòushǒu zhíquán | Ho-shoh jir-chwen |
| Hook | Bǎiquán | Bye-chwen |
| Uppercut | Gōuquán | Go-chwen |
| Block | Gédǎng | Guh-dahng |
| Evade | Shǎnduǒ | Shan-dwoh |
| Clinch | Lǒubào | Loh-bow |
| Takedown | Shuāidǎo | Shwhy-dow |
| Single leg | Dāntuǐ shuāi | Dan-tway-shwhy |
| Double leg | Bào shuāngtuǐ shuāi | Bow-shwahng-tway-shwhy |
| Breakfall | Dǎodì bǎohù | Dow-dee bow-hoo |
| Ground fighting | Dìmiàn gédòu | Dee-myen guh-doh |
| Escape | Tuōshēn | Twaw-shun |
| Submission | Xiángfú | Shyang-foo |
| Balance | Pínghéng | Ping-hung |
| Footwork | Bùfǎ | Boo-fah |
| Martial virtue | Wǔdé | Woo-duh |
RED BELT
FUNDAMENTALS
Objective: Develop basic movement, coordination, balance, safe falling and fundamental striking techniques.
Stances and Footwork
- Ready position.
- Fighting stance.
- Forward and backward movement.
- Side stepping and pivoting.
- Advancing and retreating.
- Fighting distance and guard position.
Punching (Quán(Chwen))
Kicking
- Front push kick.
- Front snap kick.
- Basic roundhouse kick.
- Low roundhouse kick.
- Basic side kick.
Defensive Techniques
- High and low guard.
- Basic blocking.
- Parrying straight punches.
- Moving out of range.
- Basic kick checking.
Breakfalls
- Backward breakfall.
- Left and right side breakfall.
- Forward breakfall.
- Safe falling from standing.
- Technical stand-up.
Grappling and Clinching
- Basic fighting clinch.
- Introduction to pummelling.
- Inside and outside arm position.
- Maintaining balance when pushed or pulled.
- Breaking a basic clinch.
Groundwork
- Basic guard position.
- Side control awareness.
- Mount awareness.
- Basic ground escapes.
- Returning safely to standing.
Grading Assessment
- Demonstrate fundamental stances and footwork.
- Demonstrate basic punches and kicks.
- Perform all fundamental breakfalls.
- Demonstrate a basic punching and kicking combination.
- Complete controlled partner exercises.
YELLOW BELT
BASIC STRIKING AND DEFENCE
Objective: Develop striking combinations, defensive reactions and introductory throwing skills.
Footwork
- •Forward and backward fighting movement.
- •Lateral movement.
- •Circling.
- •Changing stance.
- •Angled entry and exit.
- •Distance management.
Punching (Quán(Chwen))
- Jab and cross.
- Double jab.
- Jab-cross-hook.
- Lead and rear hooks.
- Basic uppercut.
- Body punching.
- Punching while moving.
Kicking
- Lead-leg roundhouse.
- Rear-leg roundhouse.
- Front push kick.
- Side kick.
- Low kick.
- Mid-level roundhouse.
- Basic knee strike.
Defensive Techniques
- High and low blocking.
- Slipping straight punches.
- Bobbing and weaving.
- Parrying and countering.
- Checking low kicks.
- Catching controlled body kicks.
Breakfalls
- Backward breakfall from crouching.
- Side breakfall from a low position.
- Introduction to forward rolling.
- Breakfall following a controlled push.
- Partner-assisted falling.
Throws and Takedowns
- Basic body clinch.
- Single-leg takedown.
- Introduction to double-leg takedown.
- Outside trip.
- Basic foot sweep.
- Push and pull imbalance.
- Defending against a basic leg grab.
Grappling
- Basic underhooks and overhooks.
- Pummelling.
- Escaping a body lock.
- Basic guard retention.
- Hip escape.
- Technical stand-up under pressure.
Grading Assessment
- Demonstrate five striking combinations.
- Demonstrate fundamental kicking techniques.
- Demonstrate basic defensive skills.
- Perform a controlled single-leg takedown.
- Perform a basic foot sweep.
- Demonstrate backward and side breakfalls.
- Complete controlled technical sparring.
ORANGE BELT
COMBINATIONS AND TAKEDOWNS
Objective: Develop effective Sanda combinations, kick catches, clinch fighting and offensive wrestling.
Punching (Quán(Chwen))
- Jab-cross-hook.
- Jab-cross-uppercut.
- Double jab-cross.
- Hook-cross-hook.
- Body and head combinations.
- Punching while advancing.
- Counter punching.
Kicking
- Fast lead-leg roundhouse.
- Rear-leg roundhouse.
- Jumping front kick.
- Side kick.
- Low kick combinations.
- High and low kick combinations.
- Kick-to-punch combinations.
- Punch-to-kick combinations.
Defensive Techniques
- Slip and counter.
- Parry and counter.
- Catching and controlling body kicks.
- Evading roundhouse kicks.
- Blocking and countering side kicks.
- Countering advancing opponents.
Throws and Takedowns
- Single-leg takedown.
- Double-leg takedown.
- Outside leg trip.
- Inside leg trip.
- Basic hip throw.
- Foot sweep.
- Catch-and-dump.
- Basic body-lock takedown.
Breakfalls
- Breakfall from controlled standing throws.
- Side breakfall from a low-amplitude trip.
- Forward roll from standing.
- Rolling recovery.
- Breakfall following a controlled sweep.
- Safe landing and recovery.
Grappling
- Maintaining top position.
- Basic guard passing.
- Side-control escape.
- Mount escape.
- Rear body-lock escape.
- Armbar recognition and defence.
- Introduction to controlled submission application.
Grading Assessment
- Demonstrate eight striking combinations.
- Demonstrate six different kicks.
- Perform four different takedowns.
- Demonstrate three clinch escapes.
- Demonstrate breakfalls in different directions.
- Complete positional grappling exercises.
- Complete controlled Sanda sparring.
GREEN BELT
INTERMEDIATE SANDA
Objective: Develop the ability to combine striking, wrestling and grappling fluidly.
Punching (Quán(Chwen))
- Double and triple punch combinations.
- Changing levels.
- Body-head-body combinations.
- Counter punching.
- Punching into clinch range.
- Punching while changing angles.
Kicking
- Switching roundhouse.
- Spinning back kick.
- Spinning side kick.
- Jumping roundhouse.
- Rear-leg side kick.
- Double kick combinations.
- Low-to-high kick combinations.
- Kick feints.
Knees and Clinch Striking
- Straight knee.
- Curved knee.
- Knee from double collar tie.
- Knee from underhook position.
- Breaking clinch and striking.
- Controlling posture while striking.
Defensive Skills
- Advanced kick catching.
- Catch and counter.
- Countering spinning kicks.
- Intercepting kicks.
- Countering combinations.
- Defending takedown entries.
Throws and Wrestling
- Double-leg variations.
- Single-leg variations.
- Inside and outside trips.
- Hip throw variations.
- Body-lock takedowns.
- Foot sweeps.
- Leg reaps.
- Countering takedowns.
- Defending against kick catches.
Breakfalls
- Forward and backward rolls under pressure.
- Breakfalls from higher controlled throws.
- Rolling through a takedown.
- Recovering to fighting stance.
- Partner-assisted falling and recovery.
Grappling
- Guard passing.
- Side control.
- Mount control.
- Introduction to back control.
- Escaping side control.
- Escaping mount.
- Basic armbar.
- Introduction to straight ankle lock mechanics.
- Rear naked choke recognition and defence.
Grading Assessment
- Demonstrate ten striking combinations.
- Demonstrate five kick-to-throw combinations.
- Demonstrate five throw-to-control combinations.
- Demonstrate defensive takedown skills.
- Complete positional grappling rounds.
- Complete controlled Sanda sparring.
BLUE BELT
ADVANCED STRIKING AND WRESTLING
Objective: Develop technical versatility, effective throwing ability and transitions between striking and grappling.
Striking
- Double and triple jab variations.
- Advanced hooks and uppercuts.
- Body punching combinations.
- Punching while angling.
- Counter striking.
- Feinting and drawing attacks.
- Switching stance during combinations.
- Striking after defensive movement.
Kicking
- Advanced roundhouse variations.
- Spinning back kick.
- Spinning hook kick.
- Jumping side kick.
- Jumping roundhouse.
- Double and triple kick combinations.
- Kick feints into punching combinations.
- Kick combinations into takedowns.
Clinch Fighting
- Double collar tie.
- Single and double underhooks.
- Overhook control.
- Inside arm control.
- Head positioning.
- Knee strikes from clinch.
- Breaking and entering the clinch.
- Clinch control against the boundary.
Throws and Takedowns
- Advanced single-leg takedowns.
- Advanced double-leg takedowns.
- Hip throws.
- Shoulder throws.
- Inside and outside trips.
- Leg reaps.
- Foot sweeps.
- Counter throws.
- Catching kicks into takedowns.
- Punching combinations into takedown entries.
Breakfalls
- Breakfall from controlled hip throws.
- Breakfall from shoulder throws.
- Forward rolling recovery.
- Sideways rolling recovery.
- Recovery following a failed takedown.
- Falling and immediately defending.
Grappling
- Guard passing against resistance.
- Knee-on-belly control.
- Mount transitions.
- Back control.
- Escaping back control.
- Armbar.
- Triangle choke.
- Rear naked choke.
- Kimura.
- Straight ankle lock.
- Positional transitions between top and bottom.
Grading Assessment
- Demonstrate ten advanced combinations.
- Demonstrate five striking and takedown combinations.
- Demonstrate six different throws.
- Demonstrate six grappling escapes or controls.
- Complete positional grappling against resistance.
- Complete controlled Sanda sparring.
PURPLE BELT
INTEGRATED COMBAT SKILLS
Objective: Develop the ability to use Sanda as a complete striking and throwing system, with supplementary ground-fighting ability.
Striking
- Advanced counter punching.
- Combination attacks from different angles.
- Drawing and countering attacks.
- Attacking while moving backwards.
- Intercepting punches and kicks.
- Combination striking under pressure.
- Advanced body punching.
- Striking into takedowns.
Kicking
- Spinning back kick combinations.
- Jumping kick combinations.
- Advanced switching kicks.
- Double and triple kick attacks.
- Feinting and changing kick levels.
- Countering kick catches.
- Kicking while changing distance.
Throws
- Combination takedowns.
- Countering single-leg attacks.
- Countering double-leg attacks.
- Catch-and-throw combinations.
- Hip throw variations.
- Advanced foot sweeps.
- Leg reaps.
- Introduction to controlled sacrifice throws.
- Chain wrestling and follow-up takedowns.
Grappling
- Advanced guard passing.
- Open guard control.
- Half guard.
- Back takes.
- Mount transitions.
- Armbar variations.
- Triangle choke variations.
- Kimura and americana.
- Straight ankle lock.
- Escaping submissions.
- Ground control against an opponent attempting to stand.
Breakfalls
- Breakfall from dynamic takedowns.
- Rolling through throws.
- Recovery from failed throws.
- Breakfall under controlled resistance.
- Recovery into counterattack position.
Tactical Application
- Controlling the pace of a fight.
- Understanding ring positioning.
- Using the boundary to control movement.
- Attacking a retreating opponent.
- Defending against aggressive opponents.
- Switching between striking and wrestling strategies.
Grading Assessment
- Demonstrate twelve combinations.
- Demonstrate eight throws or takedowns.
- Demonstrate eight ground techniques.
- Demonstrate striking-to-grappling transitions.
- Complete technical sparring and positional grappling assessments.
BROWN BELT
ADVANCED APPLICATION & STRATEGY
Objective: Demonstrate a high level of technical ability, tactical awareness and practical application.
Striking
- Advanced combination construction.
- Countering combinations.
- Intercepting attacks.
- Controlling distance.
- Attacking from both stances.
- Advanced feinting.
- Combination attacks against different fighting styles.
- Effective striking under fatigue.
Kicking
- Complete kicking arsenal.
- Advanced spinning techniques.
- Jumping techniques.
- Kick catches and counters.
- Combination kicking.
- Defensive kicking.
- Effective kicking under pressure.
Wrestling and Throws
- All major Sanda takedown families.
- Single and double-leg variations.
- Advanced hip throws.
- Advanced foot sweeps.
- Leg reaps.
- Catching and dumping kicks.
- Counter throws.
- Chain wrestling.
- Takedowns against resistance.
- Maintaining balance while throwing.
Breakfalls
- Dynamic forward and backward breakfalls.
- Controlled breakfalls from all major throw categories.
- Rolling recovery under pressure.
- Safe falling when caught during kicking.
- Immediate recovery to standing or defensive position.
Grappling
- Full positional grappling.
- Guard passing under resistance.
- Advanced escapes.
- Back control and retention.
- Submission application.
- Submission defence.
- Transitioning between wrestling and ground fighting.
- Returning to standing against resistance.
Fighting Strategy
- Developing an individual fighting style.
- Identifying opponent strengths and weaknesses.
- Managing fatigue.
- Controlling fight tempo.
- Ringcraft.
- Tactical adjustments between rounds.
- Competition rules and etiquette.
- Understanding the difference between sport Sanda and self-defence.
Grading Assessment
- Complete a full technical demonstration.
- Demonstrate fifteen striking combinations.
- Demonstrate ten throws and takedowns.
- Demonstrate ten grappling techniques.
- Complete controlled Sanda sparring.
- Complete positional grappling assessment.
- Demonstrate tactical understanding.
- Pass an oral theory examination.
GRAPPLING AND GROUND FIGHTING
Although traditional sport Sanda concentrates on striking, clinching, throwing and takedowns, Combat Forge incorporates supplementary wrestling and submission grappling.
This develops a more complete understanding of combat, particularly when a takedown does not immediately finish an exchange.
Training includes:
- Clinch control.
- Wrestling and takedowns.
- Guard positions.
- Guard passing.
- Positional control.
- Escapes and reversals.
- Submission techniques.
- Submission defence.
- Returning to standing.
Ground grappling is trained separately from traditional Sanda competition rules, which do not permit prolonged ground fighting.